Botsofali bo ka ba bo fapaneng: batho ba bang ba tsofetseng ba na le mahlahahlaha ebile ba atleha ho fihlela phefumoloho ea ho qetela, ba bang ba fetoha ho feta ho lemoha. Marasmus ha e sebetse ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang lefatšeng la kajeno, ho tlisetsa motho ea shoang mahlomola a mangata, 'me ka ho fetisisa ho batho ba haufi.
Phofo ke eng?
Marasmus ke ts'oaetso ea mafu a ho senya ho feletseng ha kelello ea pelo, ho felisoa ha mesebetsi ea tsebo. E tsamaisana le ho fokotsa boko, phetoho e ke keng ea senoloa likarolong le likarolong tsa motho. Har'a lingaka, lefu lena le na le lebitso le tloaelehileng bakeng sa "omileng", le bontšang mokhoa o tsoelang pele oa ho khathala le ho senya. Lefu lena le qala butle-butle, sehlopha sa likotsi - batho ba lilemo li 60. Marasmus ke mefuta e 'maloa:
- presenilny (pele ho nako, ho tseba);
- senile (senile);
- alimentary (ho bana le ho batho ba baholo, ka lebaka la ho se fepa phepo ea protheine 'meleng)
Sesoele se senyehileng ke eng?
Boikemisetso ba khale ke karolo ea ho qetela le e sa tsitseng ea bothata ba 'dementia' kapa ea 'dementia' e senyehileng. Tlhahlobo e etsoa ka mor'a lilemo tse 60 feela, hangata lefu lena le phahame ho tloha ho 10 ho ea ho 35 lekholong bakeng sa mathata ohle a kelello. Ho se sebetse ha mesebetsi ea kelello ho 'dementia' ho thatafatsa mokhoa oa lefu lena 'me ho etsa hore ho be thata ho phekola. Litšobotsi tsa botšepehi ba basali:
- e hlaha ka makhetlo a mabeli hangata ho feta banna;
- Matšoao a phahame haholo;
- mathata a bohata.
Marasmus oa Motho:
- Tlhokomelo e fokolang ka lebaka la nako e khutšoanyane ea bophelo ho bapisoa le halofo ea basali;
- tlōlo ea molao e tsoela pele butle-butle;
- ho kopanela liphate le ho eketseha ho eketsehileng.
Lisosa tsa boikutlo bo botle ba ho itšoara
Marasmus har'a batho ba hōlileng e tumme haholoanyane, ha linaheng tse fapaneng ka lilemo tse 'maloa ho ne ho e-na le maramo a batho. Boholo ba karolo ea batho ba hōlileng ba bontša ka ho hlaka hore 'dementia' ke ntho e tloaelehileng e hlokang ho nts'etsopele mananeong a sechaba le a bophelo bo tla thusa batho, ha litloloko tsa pele tse tšoenyang li hlaha, qala ho nka mehato ea ho fokotsa mekhoa e senyang.
Lisosa tsa ho ba le boikutlo bo botle ba ho ba bonolo:
- Marasmus le lefu la Alzheimer - kamano e haufi pakeng tsa mafu a meriana a fumanoeng ke Alzheimer le ponahalo ea marasmus e tiisitsoe morao ka 1910.
- Liphatsa tsa lefutso tse ikemetseng.
- Matšoao a sehlōhō (mafu a lefu la pelo: atherosclerosis, khatello ea kelello).
- Oncology.
- Liprotheine tsa Prion - liprotheine tse tsoang linaheng tse ling tsa tlhaho, tse tsoang lijong li ka kenella tsamaisong ea methapo ea batho 'me li e senya le sesole sa' mele.
- Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa psychotropic.
- Khetha lefu.
Stasis - matšoao le phekolo
Bothata ba botsofali ke bothata bo matla ba mafu a mangata, e leng bofelo ba ho senyeha ha maikutlo . Ka lilemo tse 'maloa, mele o ne o e-na le liphetoho tse senyang tsa mafu,' me marasmus ke boemo bo tebileng haholo bo nang le matšoao a hlahang. Kalafo ea dementia e tsoetseng pele ha e tlise liphello 'me e reretsoe ho fokotsa boemo ba mokuli, kahoo ke habohlokoa ho buisana le ngaka ka matšoao a pele a lefu lena.
Boikemisetso bo botle - matšoao
Ke bo-mang ba joalo ba marasmists molokong oa sechaba ba tseba haholo, ka lebaka la lebelo le phahameng la boloetse. Lefu lena le iponahatsa "botle" bohle ba lona ka mor'a lilemo tse 60. Pontšo ea mathoasong - e mpefatsa boemo le matšoao a hlahang ka lebelo la lehalima, ketsahalo e latelang e re lumella ho nahana hore liphetoho tse tsoelang pele li ntse li tsoela pele ka nako. Lipontšo tsa Marasmus:
- ho eketsa litšobotsi tse mpe tsa botho (meharo e fetoha mahlomola a sehlōhō, ho se tsotelle ho fetoha ho hloka tlhokomelo ka ho feletseng);
- ho eketseha ho hoholo-ho na le tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea ho laola ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe;
- basali ba hlaolela mathata a bakoang ke bothata (ho belaela hore ba batla ho chefo kapa ho utsoetsa beng ka bona);
- Ho se tsotelle le ho se tsotelle ho ba bang;
- ho na le takatso ea ho tsamaea libakeng tsa litšila le matlo a polokelo a tlisoang ka lithōla;
- takatso e sa laoleheng;
- mathata a ho hopola (matsatsi, liketsahalo, ho amoheloa - li tlosoa mohopolong);
- ho senyeha ha sebaka;
- cachexia - mokhathala o matla.
Tsela ea ho tšoara boikokobetso ba khale?
Marazmatik ke motho ea hlokang tlhokomelo e kholo, tlhokomelo le kalafo. Boemo ba bohlokoa ke tokisetso ea puso:
- e tsotehang, e tsebahalang le e tloaelehileng bakeng sa tikoloho e kulang (ha ho kgothaletswe ho tsamaisa motho ho sa tloaelehe, ho sa tsotellehe maemo a bophelo a molemo);
- khothatso ea ho ikoetlisa (ho kopanela ho hloekisa, ho pheha, mesebetsi e bonolo ea lapeng);
- ho robala letsatsi;
- ho tsamaisana le mokuli serapeng sa boikhathollo;
- ho noa liprotheine, li-micronutrient le vithamine tse ruileng (tlhapi, meroho, meroho, litholoana).
Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi ke haholo matšoao a matšoao 'me e reretsoe ho phekola lefu lena le ka sehloohong:
- Li-neuroprotectors - nootropil, mexidol, cinnarezin.
- Bahanyetsi ba calcium - verapamil, cerebrolysin, dilhart.
- Ho tepella maikutlo - azafen, tryptophan, litokisetso tse thehiloeng ho setopo sa St. John's.
- Antipsychotics - clozapine, haloperidol, dicarbine.
Bohlale ba khale - ke eng eo beng ka uena ba lokelang ho e etsa?
Motho ea ts'oanelang ho hlokomeloa ke motho ea hlokang tlhokomelo e hlokolosi, tlhokomelo le tlhokomelo. Mahetleng a lelapa o na le boikarabelo bo boholo, bo hlokang ho ba le 'mele o phahameng, oa boitšoaro le oa mamello. Seo u lokelang ho se etsa ho beng ka uena haeba moratuoa oa bona a oetse marasmus, likhothatso:
- ho etsa matšeliso;
- Setsi sa thuso ea pele, ho itšeha, ho betla lintho - ho li tlosa libakeng tse sa fihleheng;
- ho laola lihlahisoa tsa meriana;
- ho reka lesela moo tlhahisoleseling e mabapi le mokuli ea nang le marasmus (lebitso, lilemo, aterese le nomoro ea mohala ea thepa) e tla ngoloa;
- fanyeha litaelo bakeng sa mokuli ho pholletsa le folete;
- ela hloko thato ea hau;
- haeba o halefisa mokuli haholo, hopola hore hang ha e ne e le moratuoa ea ileng a fetoha "ngoana";
- phekolo ea beng ka mokuli ho setsebi sa kelello se tla thusa ho bona boemo ka tsela e fapaneng.