Ho hlahloba bokhachane

Ho hlahlojoa pele ho bokhachane ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea ho hlahloba basali ba bakhachane, e le ho bona hore ho na le ntho e sa tloaelehang ea lesea kapa lesea le sa tsejoeng. Ho nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea litsela tse bonolo, tse bolokehileng le tse rutang tsa bo-'mè ba lebeletseng. Ho shebella liphuputso ho boleloa ho lipatlisiso tse tsamaisoang haholo, ke hore, bakeng sa basali bohle ba bakhachane ntle ho khethollo.

Phuputsong e na le lintlha tse peli:

1. Ho hlahlojoa ha likokoana-hloko pele ho lesea - ho hlahloba mali a mafura a 'mè ho etsa qeto ea lintho tse itseng tse hlalosang mafu a itseng.
2. Tlhahlobo ea ultrasonic ea lesea le lesea.

Ho hlahlojoa pele ho bokhachane ka trisomy ke e 'ngoe ea lithuto tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tseo ho seng thata ho li etsa, empa ho khothalletsoa hore haeba' mè oa ka moso a le lilemo li fetang 35, haeba bana ba nang le bofokoli ba liphatsa tsa lefutso ba se ba hlahile lelapeng, mme haeba ho na le moroalo oa lefutso. Tlhaloso ena e thusa ho lemoha kotsi, ke hore, ha e le hantle, monyetla oa ho tsoaloa ha lesea le nang le lefu la Edwards (li-chromosome tse 18 tsa trisomy - mekhoa e mengata ea likarolo tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle, ho lemalloa kelellong), Down's disease (chrisosome ea trisomy 21) kapa sekoli sa neural tube (mohlala, ho arohana mokokotlo), Patau syndrome (trisomy 13 chromosomes - bokooa bo matla ba litho tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle, idiocy).

Tlhahlobo ea bakhachane pele ho 1 trimester

Qalong ea boraro, tlhahlobo e etsoa ka nako ea boima ba libeke tse 10-14 'me e lumella ho tseba hore na ntshetsopele ea lesea le tšoana le nako, ebang ho na le bokhachane bo bongata, ebang ngoana o ntse a hōla ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Nakong ena, ngaka ea trisomy 13, 18 le ea 21 e boetse e hlahlojoa. Ngaka ea ultrasound e lokela ho lekanya sebaka seo ho thoeng ke mohala oa sebaka (sebaka seo metsi a nang le sona a kenang molaleng pakeng tsa lisele tse bonolo le letlalo) ho netefatsa hore ha ho na tlhaho e kholo ho nts'etsopele ea ngoana. Liphello tsa ultrasound li bapisoa le liphello tsa teko ea mali ea mosali (tekanyo ea hormone ea bokhachane le protheine ea RAPP-A e lekantsoe ). Papiso e joalo e etsoa ka lenaneo la k'homphieutha le nahanang ka litšobotsi tsa motho ka mong.

Tlhahlobo ea bokhachane pele ho leshome le metso e 'meli

Lekholong la bobeli la boraro (libeke tse 16-20), tlhahlobo ea mali e boetse e etsoa ho AFP, hCG le estriol e sa lefelloeng, 'me ultrasound ea fetus e etsoa mme kotsi ea trisomy 18 le ea 21 e hlahlojoa. Haeba ho na le lebaka la ho lumela hore ho hong ho phoso ka lesea, joale tataiso e fanoa ka ho hlahlojoa ho hlaselang ho amanang le ho phunya sebete le pokello ea amniotic fluid le fetal blood, empa ka hare ho 1-2% ea linyeoe mekhoa e joalo ke sesosa sa mathata a ho ima kapa esita le lefu la ngoana.

Nakong ea boraro ea boraro, libeke tse 32-34, li-ultrasound li etsoa ka morero oa ho lemoha bofokoli bo fumanoeng ka morao.