Mekhoa ea kajeno ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea bokhachane. Ba na le katleho e phahameng, ba thibela palo e sa batleheng. Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa ho khetha moriana o nepahetseng ho fumana phello ea kopo.
Li-contraceptive tsa kalafo li sebetsa joang?
Lingaka ka nako e telele li ithutile phello ea lithibela-pele tsa moriana ka mokhoa oa ho ikatisa le 'mele oa basali ka kakaretso. Ntlafatso ea ho hlophisoa le ho thehoa ha lithethefatsi tsena ho lumelloa ho fokotsa liphello tse mpe tse ka 'nang tsa e-ba teng le mathata. Kaofela ka lebaka la liketso tse ngata tsa likaroloana tsa matlapa, tse thehiloeng lipapaling tsa li-hormone tsa basali.
Mehleng ea kajeno e kopantsoe ka thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea bokhachane, e leng e nkiloeng ka tekanyo ea tekanyo e khothalletsoang le ka nako, e ama tsela ea ho ikatisa ka tsela e latelang
- Mehato ea li-ovulatory e thibetsoe. Li-hormone tse kenyang pilisi ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea HIV li thibela ho hōla ka tsela e tloaelehileng le ho nona ha lehe, e leng se thibelang ho kena ka mpeng bakeng sa manyolo.
- Ho kopanngoa ha li-cervical mucus. Manyolo a hlahisoang mokokotlong oa likamano tsa mokokotlo o fetola mokhoa oa oona o tsitsitseng, ka lebaka la hore monyetla oa ho kenella ka peō ka popelong o fokotsehile.
- Fokotsa ho hōla ha mesifa ea endometrial. Ka lebaka la liphetoho tse joalo, esita le haeba lehe le lengoa, ha ho khonehe hore ho kenngoe lihlahisoa.
Meriana ea thibelo ea bokhachane ka makhetlo-khetlo
Bongata ba mafu a basali ba hlokomoloha hampe tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea lithethefatsi tsa hormone. Tlokotsi ea ho thibela pelehi ka letsoho ke tlōlo ea mosebetsi oa tloaelo oa tsamaiso ea endocrine. Ka lebaka leo, liphello tse latelang li ka etsahala:
- ho thehoa ha lihlahala;
- kankere ea matsoele;
- thrombosis;
- lefu la khatello ea mali;
- mathata a potoloho ea khoeli ;
- fetola ka tlhaho, nako ea nako ea ho ilela khoeli.
Haeba li-contraceptive tsa molomo li sebelisoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng (tse tsamaellanang le ngaka, litekanyetso, likheo lia hlokomeloa), joale monyetla oa tšusumetso e mpe e fokotseha. Ho e-na le hoo, tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsena li thusa ho tiisa mosebetsi oa hormonal system. E 'ngoe ea lintlha tse ntle tsa kamohelo e amohelehang hoa hlokahala ho elelloa:
- ho fokotsa bohloko nakong ea ho ea khoeling;
- ho fokotseha nakong ea nako le bongata ba ho ea khoeling;
- ho tloaeleha ha nako ea ho ea khoeli;
- thibelo le phekolo ea maloetse a basali ( endometriosis , adenomyosis);
- ho fokotsa kotsi ea ectopic pregnancy.
Mekhoa ea thibelo ea thibelo ea molomo - mefuta
Tlhaloso efe kapa efe ea thibelo ea thibelo ea bokhachane bakeng sa basali e lokela ho khethoa ka boemo ba litšoaneleho ka bomong E 'ngoe ea ntlha ena e bakoa ke lithethefatsi tse sa tšoaneng tse thibelang ho qala ha bokhachane. Mochine oa ketso ea bona o ts'oana, empa boqapi le mokhoa oa ho lokolloa li fapane. Mokhoa oa thibelo ea bokhachane o lula o sebelisoa ke karolo ea progestogen. Li-estrogen li teng mohlophong li sebelisetsoa ho boloka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa mokhoa oa ho ikatisa. Ho lokile ho teng ho arotsoe ka:
- ho kopantsoe;
- gestagenic.
Likamano tsa thibelo ea thibelo ea moriana
Lebitso la meriana e kopanetsoeng ea thibelo ea bokhachane (COC) e fumanoe ka lebaka la sebōpeho. Kamehla li na le li-hormone tsa thobalano tse peli - ethinyl estradiol (estrogen) le progesterone (gestagen). Ho itšetlehile ka ho hlophisoa ha matlapa, ba khethollehile:
- monophasic - tekanyo ea lihomone tse matlapeng ke ntho e le 'ngoe ho pholletsa le pakete;
- mekhahlelo e 'meli - mokholutsoane o na le matlapa a nang le mefuta e' meli ea li-hormone;
- likarolo tse tharo-likarolo tse tharo tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa li-hormone ho lokisetsa.
Ho phaella moo, ba arola lithibela-hloko tse kopantsoeng le lihlooho tsa motsoako oa estrogen ho bona:
- tekanyo e phahameng-e nang le litaba tse ngata tsa estrogens (Ovidon, e seng Ovlon);
- tekanyo e tlase - lintho tse ling tsa estrogen ha li felle ka 30-35 μg ka letlapa le le leng (Femoden, Marvelon, Regulon, Janine);
- tse nyenyane-ho fihlela ho 15-20 mcg (Mersilon, Novinet, ho kena).
Meriana ea thibelo ea thibelo ea Gestagenic
Meriana ea phekolo ea meriana ea mofuta ona e na le progestogen feela ea sebopeho. Lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sena li laeloa ho basali nakong ea lesela la masea, hammoho le basali ba fapaneng le tšebeliso ea lithibela-mafu tse kopaneng. Hangata, lithethefatsi tse thibelang likokoana-hloko, tse thehiloeng ho li-gestagens, li sebelisoa nakong ea morao oa ho beleha bakeng sa basali ba belehang le nulliparas (ka mor'a lilemo tse 35). Tse ling tsa lithethefatsi tse tloaelehileng tse tsoang ho sehlopha sena li ka tsejoa:
- Lactineth;
- Charozette;
- E hlollang;
- The microlut.
Lithibela-pele tsa postcoital
Maemong a mang, mehato ea thibelo ea thibelo ea bokhachane e lokela ho nkoa ka mor'a thobalano. Maemong a joalo, banana ba sebelisa lithibela-pelehi tsa postcoital (tšebetso ea tšebetso ea tšohanyetso). Sebelisa lipilisi tsena tsa meriana ka mor'a ketso hang-hang kapa ka mor'a lihora tse 72 ka mor'a hore u kopane. Ka keketseho ea nako, katleho ea chelete ea postcoital e fokotsehile haholo.
Phello ea meriana ea tšebetso ea tšohanyetso e itšetlehile ka ho eketseha ha mosebetsi oa tšebetso ea sefuba, phello ho myometrium. Ka lebaka la mekhoa ena ho na le ho lahla mokhoa oa ts'ebetso, joaloka nakong ea nako ea ho ea khoeling, 'me mosali o etsa mehlolo e sa tloaelehang khoeli le khoeli. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lesea le lehe, le kopantsoe nakong ea thobalano, tlohela sebete. Ke habohlokoa hore re hlokomele hore lipilisi tsa thibelo ea bokhachane, ka mabitso a thathamisitsoe ka tlase, etsa hore ho se sebetse hantle ka mokhoa oa ho ikatisa, kahoo li sebelisoa ha ho hlokahala. Har'a lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha sena:
- Qoba;
- Mifegin;
- Postinor.
Mokhoa oa ho khetha mekhoa ea thibelo ea bokhachane?
Ho fumana hore na lipilisi tsa thibelo ea thibelo ea bokhachane li molemo hokae, mosali o lokela ho ea ho setsebi sa basali. Ka mor'a ho hlahloba le ho hlahloba, ngaka e khetha mofuta ona ka mong, ho nahanisisa ka lilemo le boemo ba 'mele oa mokuli. Algorithm eohle ea ho khetha thibelo ea bokhachane e lokela ho shebahala joaloka ena:
- puisano ea setsebi sa mafu a basali;
- ho fana ka smear bakeng sa ho etsa li- oncocytology ;
- setsebi sa mammologi sa lipuisano;
- biochemistry ea mali (AST, ALT, boemo ba lipilisi, tsoekere);
- ultrasound bakeng sa matsatsi a 5-7 a potoloho.
Tlhokomelo ea lithibela-pele tsa kalafo
Ho ea ka lingaka, lipilisi tse molemo ka ho fetisisa tsa thibelo ea bokhachane ke tsona tse loketseng mosali 'me ha li bake litla-morao. Ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ke ea motho ka mong, kahoo u se ke ua itšetleha ka phihlelo ea ho sebelisa mekhoa e tšoanang ea motsoalle, motsoalle. Tšebeliso ea lithibela-hloko tsa molomo ka maikutlo kapa litlhahiso tsa basali ba bang li ka ama bophelo bo botle.
Ho fanoe ka 'nete ena, ho bua ka lithethefatsi tse molemo ka ho fetisisa tsa thibelo ea bokhachane ha ho na thuso. Leha ho le joalo, re ka reha tšebeliso e sebetsang ea lithibela-pelehi tsa molomo ka basali, lethathamo la lona le shebahalang ka sena:
- Regulon ;
- Marvelon;
- Yarina;
- Diane-35;
- Lactineth;
- Novinet;
- Tse tharo-Regol;
- Jess.
Tšebeliso ea lithibela-hloko tsa molomo
Ho amoheloa ha lithibela-pelehi tsa kalafo ho etsoa ho ea ka morero o bontšoang thupelong, ho nahanne ka litlhahiso tse fanoeng ke 'mè oa basali. Litlhaloso leha e le life tse hlahang nakong ea tšebeliso li lokela ho tšohloa le setsebi.
Ho finyella phello ea ho sebelisa lithibela-pelehi, ho hlokahala hore u tsamaisane le maemo a mangata:
- Matlapa a nkiloe letsatsi le leng le le leng, hoo e batlang e le nako e le 'ngoe (ka ho khetheha bosiu).
- Ho tlōla puso, ho tlohela mokete o hanetsoe.
- Ho ba sieo ha ho ea khoeling-joaloka ho itšoara ho hloka ho tsoela pele ka meriana le keletso ea litsebi (bokhachane bo lokela ho behoa).
- Ponahalo ea liphello tse mpe (khatello ea mali e eketsehileng, hlooho ea kelello, bohloko ba sefubeng, ho fokola ha mahlo, lefu la letsoho, ho hema ka thata) ke pontšo ea ho tlohela lithethefatsi le ho khethoa ha mokhoa o mong oa tšireletso.
Ho noa lipilisi tsa thibelo ea bokhachane joang?
Pele o noa meriana ea thibelo ea bokhachane, mosali o lokela ho bala litaelo tsa meriana ka hloko. Haeba mosali a sa sebelise lithibela-pele tsa molomo pele ho sena, mokete o qala ka letsatsi la pele la potoloho (e ka ba ho tloha ho 5, empa o lokela ho sebelisa khohlopo). Ho noa matlapa ho etsoa ho latela morero o itseng, tlōlo ea molao e amang katleho. Mekhoa ea thibelo ea thibelo ea thibelo ea motsoako ea kajeno e nka morero 21-7-21 (matsatsi a 21 a kamohelo, matsatsi a supileng a ho kheloha le mokhoa o mocha).
Ho khelosa kamohelo pele thuto e fela. Haeba letlapa le latelang le sa nkoa ka nako, joale latela melao e latelang:
- Haeba ho feta lihora tse ka tlase ho 12, nka pilisi e hlokang ho tsoela pele 'me u tsoele pele ho nka kemiso.
- Ho nka lihora tse fetang 12 - ba nka le ho tsoela pele ka thupelo, ba khomarela morero oa khale mme ba sirelelitsoe ka khohlopo pele ho beke.
Ho tlosoa ha lithibela-mafu tsa molomo
Ho hlakola lipilisi tsa thibelo ea bokhachane ho ka khoneha qetellong ea thupelo. Ha letlapa la ho qetela le tsoang mokotleng o amoheleha, e ncha ha e qale. Ka mor'a hore ho hlakoletsoe pele ho matsatsi a 1-2 ho qala khoeli le khoeli. Boits'oaro ba tsona bo ka fetola hanyane (scanty, smearing). Ho fokotsa ho feletseng ha molumo le nako ea ho ea khoeling ho etsahala ka metsotsoana ea 2-3. Ho seng joalo, ho buisana le litsebi tsa litsebi.