Lisebelisoa tsa diminerale - hoo e batlang e le tafole eohle ea Mendeleev, lintho tse jang limela le tse nang le phello e potlakileng le e pharaletseng temo ho feta manyolo. A re nahaneng ka mefuta e ka sehloohong ea menontsha ea diminerale le litšoaneleho tsa bona.
Sebopeho sa menontsha ea diminerale
Boemong bo botle, menontsha eohle ea diminerale e ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse peli tse kholo:
- e bonolo;
- e thata.
Ho ea ka sehlopheng sena, menontsha e bonolo e na le motsoako o le mong ka ho hlophisoa, menontsha e rarahaneng e na le tse peli kapa ho feta.
Ho itšetlehile ka karolo e kholo ea limatlafatsi, menontsha eohle ea diminerale e arotsoe ka:
1. Nitric - thusa ho ntshetsa pele karolo ea lefatše ea limela. Mefuta eohle ea menontsha ea naetrojene e nolofalloa habonolo metsing, e kenngoa mobung khoeli pele selemo se cheka. Ba na le mefuta e 4:
- nitrate (nitrate ea sodium le calcium);
- ammonium (ammonium sulfate);
- amide (urea);
- ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate).
2. Phosphoric - e potlakisa ho qala ha limela le ho ba tlama litholoana. Li entsoe ka hoetla kapa mathoasong a selemo nakong ea ho cheka. Nako ea ho qhibiliha ha menontsha e joalo ke halofo le halofo ho likhoeli tse peli, ha e senyehe hantle metsing. Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea menontsha ea phosphoric mineral ke tse latelang:
- superphosphate e bonolo;
- superphosphate tse peli;
- phofo ea phosphorite.
3. Potash - ho khothalletsa ho hōla ha lijalo le ho eketsa ho hanyetsa mafu, ho ntlafatsa tatso ea litholoana le ho eketsa bophelo ba sethala. Lisebelisoa tsohle tsa potash li qhibiliha ka ho feletseng metsing. Ha li sebelisoe hangata ka mokhoa o hloekileng, hangata li kopantsoe le naetrojene, phosphorus le likokoana-hloko tse ling. Manyolo a tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa a thehiloe potassium:
- letsoai la potassium;
- potassium chloride;
- potassium sulphate.
Manyolo a diminerale a kenyeletsa metsoako e mengata:
- ammophos;
- nitroammophoska;
- diammofosca;
- nitrophosphate .
Ts'ebetsong ea menontsha ea diminerale
Ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tabeng ena ke palo e nang le bokhoni ba ho sebelisoa ha tekanyo ea menontsha ea diminerale. E lokela ho hlahisoa e nahanne ka mahloriso a ntho e sebetsang le litlhahiso bakeng sa ho kenya lisebelisoa bakeng sa semela se itseng.
Ho phaella moo, ka linako tse ling ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa menontsha ea merafatsi ea metsi bakeng sa ts'ebetsong ea ho apara limela tsa foliar. 'Me mefuta e meng ea menontsha ea diminerale, ka mohlala, urea, e sebelisoa ka mokhoa oa tharollo le ho apara ka holimo, kaha nitrojene ha e qhibiliha ka metsing e be e tsitsitseng mobu.