'Mele oa motho ea phetseng hantle, mokhoa oa ho theha thrombi (li-clots tsa mali) le ho qhibiliha ha tsona li lula li etsahala. Ho hlaha ha mesifa kapa sekhahla sa epidermal ho lebisa ho ts'ebetsong ea mekhoa e mengata e reretsoeng ho felisa sekoli. Li-thrombi li thehoa ho tloha lithong tsa cellular tse lokolloa linthong tse senyehileng, le ho tloha ho noncellular, tse entsoeng sebeteng. Ka hona, hangata ho ba le coagulability e mpe ho bonts'a bothata ba 'mele ona. A re hlahlobeng lintlha tse ling tsa motheo tsa nts'etso-pele ea lefu lena.
Mabaka a ho kula
Ho fokotseha ha mali ho ka etsahala ka mabaka a latelang:
- ho fokolloa ha lefats'e (litšitšili tsa platelet);
- lefu la sebete (haholo-holo, lefu la sebete), e leng sesosa sa ho fokotseha ha palo ea lintlha tse amehang tšebetsong ea mali;
- ho lahleheloa ke mali ka mokhoa o feteletseng, oo, ho sa tsotellehe ho tšeloa mali, ho fokotsa palo ea lintho tse thibelang;
- ho fokotseha ha palo ea li-platelets ka lebaka la thrombocytopenia, ho haelloa ke maemo X, V, II le VII;
- mofuta oa capillary-hematoma oa phekolo ea mali ho bonahala malapeng a DIC, lefu la Villebrant le ho haella ha XIII;
- ho ba teng ha hypofrinogenemia ho tsamaisana le tšollo ea mali ea capillary, moo li-hematomas le li-rashes li teng letlalong;
- ho haelloa ke mali ho tlosoa ke lefu le kang lefu la DIC, le bakoang ke ts'oaetso, ho arohana kapele ea placenta le sepsis;
- ha marako a lijana a senngoa ke ho itšireletsa mafung, 'meleng oa mali, matheba a letlalo le nephritis.
Ho arabela potso ea hore na ke hobane'ng ha ho e-na le coagulability e mpe ea mali, re ke ke ra qoba maloetse a futsanehileng (ho haelloa ke bothata ba VII le haemophilia). Hape, sesosa sa ho tsoa mali ke ho fetela ha li-anticoagulants, moo mali a kenang ka mesifa, maleng, tlas'a letlalo, manonyeletso a hlokomeloa.
Ho fokola ha mali - matšoao
Lipontšo tsa lefu lena li iponahatsa ka tsela e latelang:
- ho khaotsa ho tsoa mali le maqeba;
- likotlolo tse bohloko tse ka tsamaisanang le mali a tsoang nko kapa libakeng tse ling;
- bothata ba ho leka ho emisa mali.
Ho matšoao a futsanehileng ea coagulation ea mali a lokela ho boleloa hore ho hlaha likokoana-hloko tse nyane. Haeba ts'ebetso ena e hlokomeloa bongoaneng, joale sesosa se ka ba lefu la Villebrand.
Phekolo ea lefu lena
Ho eketsa palo ea lintho tse thibelang li ka finyelloa ka ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse itseng. Mokhoa oa phekolo ka boeona ke nako e telele haholo. Tabeng ea lefu la congenital, mokuli o lokela ho noa meriana ho pholletsa le bophelo. Haeba ho senyeha ha li-coagulation ho hlahisitsoe ka lebaka la mafu a maholo, mokuli o behiloe kalafo ea phekolo ea nako e telele.
Ho bolela ho loantša mafutsana a coagulability a hlokang tlhokomelo 'me phekolo ea eona e khethoa, e itšetlehile ka sesosa sa lefu lena:
- Ha mali a tsoa, li-coagulants tse fumanoang ho mofani oa plasma li sebelisoa. The hemostatic tube e sebelisoa ka holimo-limo ho thibela
ho tsoa mali ea sosudikov e nyenyane ka ho fetisisa. Ho loantšana le hypofrinogenemia ho hlaha ka ho kenngoa ha intravenous ea fibrinogen. - Aminomethylbenzoic le acid e aminocaproic le Contrikal ba na le thepa e ntle ea hemostatic. Lithethefatsi tsena li khona ho thibela ho qhala ha mali.
- Tšebeliso ea coagulant e joalo, joaloka vithamine K, e thusa ho tsosolosa mosebetsi oa ho koala lintho tse etsahalang sebeteng. Meriana ena e boetse e sebelisetsoa ho feta overdose ea anticoagulants le hypoprothrombinemia.
- Kalafo ea ho fokotseha ha mali e bakoang ke lefu la Villenbrand le lefu la hemophilia le akarelletsa ho kenya entravenous ea cryoprecipitate le plasma ea antihemophilic ka jet.